肠炎沙门菌SDBL-1分离株的生物学特性及传播途径探究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.07.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究肠炎沙门菌（S.enteritidis）的生物学特性和传播途径，选择1株来自于AA肉鸡的肠炎沙门菌SDBL-1分离株，探究其半数致死量、生长特性、药敏试验、毒力因子；将SDBL-1分离株定量至7.09×10⁹ CFU·mL^-1，感染组灌服0.5 mL，同时对照组和空气传播组灌服等量的生理盐水，在灌服后不同时间测定空气传播组、感染组和对照组血液常规、淋巴细胞亚群指标，运用细菌分离的方法分析鸡在灌服后0~20 d排毒规律，同时对空气传播组口腔拭子、泄殖腔拭子、羽毛囊以及剖检脏器等分离与鉴定沙门菌，测定环境（饲料、饮水、蚊蝇等）中沙门菌；应用平板凝集方法测定空气传播组抗体变化。结果显示：1）血液指标方面，空气传播组、感染组淋巴细胞比率下降，粒细胞比率、粒细胞数量以及中间细胞比率上升，同时淋巴细胞亚群CD4⁺、CD8⁺以及CD4⁺/CD8⁺比例出现下降；2）脏器指数方面，空气传播组肝指数显著增大（P<0.05），胸腺指数显著减小（P<0.05）；3）感染情况，空气传播组发生感染，感染鸡通过粪便间歇性排毒，其口腔拭子、羽毛囊、泄殖腔拭子和部分脏器分离到沙门菌，其中沙门菌在食道的分离率最高，空气传播组在感染后第4天初次检测到沙门菌抗体，在感染后第14天血清均呈现抗体阳性；4）环境沙门菌检出情况，水线及饲料中分离到沙门菌，但羽毛和蚊蝇中没有分离到沙门菌。可见SDBL-1分离株能通过空气传播并引起鸡的感染，导致机体炎症反应，造成免疫功能紊乱和器官不同程度损伤；感染鸡通过粪便、口腔、泄殖腔间歇性排毒，环境拭子（如料槽中的饲料、水线）可分离到沙门菌，本研究探究了肠炎沙门菌的生物学特性和不同传播途径，为控制、预防沙门菌的流行和传播提供借鉴。

Abstract:

In order to study the biological characteristics and transmission routes of Salmonella enteritidis, 0.5 mL 7.09×10⁹ CFU·mL^-1SDBL-1 isolate from AA broiler chickens was administered to SPF chickens by perfusion in infection group, while the control group and the airborne group were fed with the same amount of physiological saline. The blood routine and lymphocyte subsets of the airborne group, the infection group and the control group were measured at different time after feeding. The bacteria were separated by the method of bacterial isolation. And Salmonella were isolated and identified from airborne oral swabs, cloacal swabs, feather follicles and dissecting organs. The Salmonella were determined in the environment (feed,drinking water, mosquitoes and flies), and the plate agglutination test was conducted to detect the antibody of the airborne group. The results were as follows:1) In the blood index, the ratio of lymphocyte in the airborne group and the infected group were decreased, the ratio of granulocyte, granulocyte and intercellular were increased, and the ratio of CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in lymphocyte were decreased. 2) In the organ index of the airborne group, liver index increased significantly (P <0.05), and thymus index decreased significantly (P <0.05). 3) About infection situation, the airborne group was infected and the infected chickens were intermittently shedding virus by feces.Salmonella were separated from oral swab, feather capsule, cloacal swab and some organs, and the highest separation rate was from esophagus. Antibodies to Salmonella were firstly detected at the 4th day post infection (DPI) in the airborne group, and all chickens showed positive at the 14th DPI. 4) Detection of Salmonella in environmental samples revealed that Salmonella was isolated from waterline and feed, other than feathers and mosquitoes. These results showed that SDBL-1 isolates could infect chickens through air and cause infection, resulting in the inflammatory reaction, immune dysfunction and organ damage. The infected chickens could intermittently shedding virus by feces, oral cavity, and cloaca. There exist Salmonella in feed and waterline. This study explored the different routes of transmission of S. enteritidis, and provided references for controlling and preventing the prevalence and transmission of Salmonella.

中图分类号:

S852.612

李金鑫, 杨树青, 王莉莉, 吴少鹏, 杨杰, 林海, 焦洪超, 孙淑红. 肠炎沙门菌SDBL-1分离株的生物学特性及传播途径探究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(7): 1323-1331.

LI Jin-xin, YANG Shu-qing, WANG Li-li, WU Shao-peng, YANG Jie, LIN Hai, JIAO Hong-chao, SUN Shu-hong. Study of Salmonella enteritidis SDBL-1 Transmission and Biological Characteristics[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(7): 1323-1331.

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